Vacuum arc

 ( Electric Arcs ) 

A vacuum arc can arise when the surfaces of metal in contact with a good vacuum begin to emit either through heating (thermionic emission) or in an electric field that is sufficient to cause field electron emission. Once initiated, a vacuum arc can persist, since the freed particles gain kinetic energy from the electric field, heating the metal surfaces through high-speed particle collisions. This process can create an incandescent cathode spot, which frees more particles, thereby sustaining the arc. At sufficiently high currents an incandescent anode spot may also be formed.

Electric discharge in vacuum is important for certain types of and for krytron.

The thermionic vacuum arc (TVA) is a new type of plasma source, which generates a plasma containing ions with a directed energy. TVA discharges can be ignited in high-vacuum conditions between a heated cathode (electron gun) and an anode (tungsten crucible) containing the material. The accelerated electron beam, incident on the anode, heats the crucible, together with its contents, to a high temperature. After establishing a steady-state density of the evaporating anode material atoms, and when the voltage applied is high enough, a bright discharge is ignited between the electrodes.

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See also

• Cathodic arc deposition
• Electric arc
• Electric discharge in gases
• Glow discharge
• Vacuum arc thruster

• (1989). 9780387507255, Springer-Verlag. ISBN 9780387507255
• Allan Greenwood (1994). 9780852968550, Pergamon Press. ISBN 9780852968550

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